javaboy,
You are correct - it was attempted collusion and against the law. Hardly fits the "able to raise fares at a whim" picture, however.
Even prior to deregulation, the CAB kept something of a lid on fares. If any airline decided "on a whim" to double the compensation of it's employees, it couldn't just double fares. Of course, the CAB also controlled capacity to a large extent so it could be said they kept a "floor" under fares. I guess what I'm saying is that the CAB controlled fares by the requirement that they review and approve all fares.
Jim