The ME4 are an interesting strategy comparison.
QR is taking the alliance route, which is the safest.
TK has been following a route similar to QR, and playing up their participation in Star to their benefit.
EY is taking the "let's buy our access" approach, with minority stakes in Virgin Australia and Air Berlin (who is also playing in oneworld for the time being), and a potential stake in Alitalia. They're also under probe by the EU (as is DL over their investment in VS). They'd hoped for fifth freedom rights as a secondary strategy.
And then there's EK... They had been taking the "we don't need anyone else" approach and had been banking on fifth freedom rights. That hasn't been working out too well, which is why they gave in and launched the partnership with QF. If they can line something up in North America, they'd cover most of the bases that need covering.
I really don't consider RJ all that significant at this stage. They've been relegated to a second tier status in oneworld now that QR is a member (much like A3 in Star).