Those words sure don't sound like rulings. Courts look at law not fairness. They said might and maybe, not for sure.
Was ALPA bound by Nicoalu? Yes. Were they able to unilaterally without consent of the west change Nicolau? No. That means that usapa can not either.
We will sue if Nicolau is changed. So get on with it. Where is the TA that usapa is going to present? Time to step up and get a contract. It's been two years. The sooner a contract gets done the sooner the injunction can be put in place. Let's see how much leverage and ability usapa has to get a contract.
BTW before anyone goes blaming ALPA for not being able to get a contract either. It would be the same company, the same negotiators, the same economic conditions and the same pilot group. The only difference is the union name and people at the table on the pilot side.
The ruling made it clear that USAPA is not bound by the Nicalou, only that they are obligated to bargain in good faith for all pilots, both East and West. Do you know what the legal definition of Good Faith is as it pertains to Duty of Fair Representation? As defined by the US Supreme Court, it is that a unions action toward its members be in a "wide range of reasonableness." Every union, not just USAPA has this responsibility.
B-scales were legally challenged in the 80's and even given the severe financial impact to a subset of employees, they were found to fall with in a "wide range of reasonableness" in a union representing the collective interest of its members.
If a DFR claim is made in court after a ratified contract is achieved, it will be the provisions of that contract and how it relates to the collective interests of its members that would be challenged, not that it isn't Nicalou, so it isn't fair. That isn't the legal issue, "Good Faith", is.
Unlike the rulings in Wake's court that didn't allow, USAPA to explain it's position of DOH with C & R's,, its fairness or comparison to other unions, so as to defend against a claim of "Good Faith" breach, they will absolutely get to next time, as the 9th circuit clearly identified USAPA's "legal" obligation.
Whatever USAPA establishes inside a ratified CBA, only needs to meet the legal standard of being in a "wide range of reasonableness", if legally challenged. A definition that Wake wouldn't even allow the Jury to hear, as part of his jury instruction. No longevity based seniority integration has been found in breach of "Good Faith", even ones that have made it into the Supreme Court.
The 9th Circuit went beyond just rendering this decision and published it, so it now required to be reviewed and cited as legal precedent for any future cases with similar legal issues.
Such a case filed in the future would be far more lengthy, more expensive, and a far weaker challenge against a much broader legal standard. All the evidence denied in Wake's courtroom would then be allowed in defining and defending a "wide range of reasonableness. Good luck with that and the retainer a law firm would likely require upfront to produce and serious legal work.